Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes, specifically Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, and is characterized by damage to the kidneys due to high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period of time. This damage can lead to the loss of kidney function and ultimately result in end-stage renal disease. Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients, and is associated with high healthcare costs. Research in this area focuses on understanding the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, identifying biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of the disease, and developing novel therapeutic approaches to prevent or slow down the progression of kidney damage in diabetic patients.